NoSQL Databases

Document
Column-Oriented
Labeled Property Graph
Semantic Knowledge Graph
Key-Value
Multi-Model

Document-Oriented Databases

document-oriented databases document stores

Self-contained with flexible schema

Very flexible schema with complex querying JSON/BSON or XML data formats Leverage complex indexes (multi-key, geospatial, full text search etc) High performance and balanced R:W ratio MongoDB, Couchbase, Elasticsearch, CouchDB, Firebase, Firestore

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Column-Oriented

Extreme write speeds of high volume of data

High volume of data Extreme write speeds with relatively less velocity reads Data extractions by columns using row keys No ad-hoc query patterns, or complex indexes HBase, Cassandra, ScyllaDB

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Labeled-Property Graph

labeled property graph databases

Reveal insights from data

Perfect for interconnected data Ability to store properties for each data point as well as for relationship between them Complex queries to determine relationships between data points Neo4j, TinkerPop Gremlin, Neptune, DSE Graph, TigerGraph

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Semantic Knowledge Graph

Semantic Knowledge Graph

Deep semantics for conceptual meaning

Structured and formal representation of knowledge Semantic descriptions of entities and their relationships Stable URI identifiers in the open data world AllegroGraph, OntoText GraphDB, Stardog

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Key-Value Stores

key-value stores

Fastest possible method of writing and reading data from/to memory or disk

Simple schema High velocity read/write with no frequent updates High performance and scalability No complex queries involving multiple keys or joins Aerospike, DynamoDB, Redis, Riak

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Multi-Model Databases

multi-model databases

Store, index and query data in more than a single model

While most database management systems are organized around a single data model that determines how data can be organized, stored, and manipulated, a multi-model database is designed to support multiple data models against a single, integrated backend.

You may combine document, graph, key-value stores, maybe relational as well. Multi-model databases are intended to offer the data modeling advantages of polyglot persistence, without its disadvantages. Operational complexity, in particular, is reduced through the use of a single data store.

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